Grammar helpers

ANTONYMS – opposite

dark	Light
heavy	Light
accept	Refuse
Always	Never
asleep	Awake
dry	Wet
east	West
easy	Hard
end	Beginning
high	Low
join	Separate
land	Sea
tall	Short
me	You
neat	Messy
pretty	Ugly
right	Wrong
right	Left
sour	Sweet

SYNONYMS -

The same or nearly the same meaning

dirty	Unclean
large	Big
sad	Unhappy
rich	Wealthy
plate	Dish
taxi	Cab
deli	Milkbar
friend	mate
loud	Noisy
cold	Chilly
enjoy	Like
ship	Boat
selfish	Greedy
kind	Nice
choose	Pick
hope	Wish

Similies – describe one thing that is similar to another

As brave as a lion

As blind as a bat

As dry as a bone

As gentle as a lamb

As flat as a pancake

As large as life

As strong as an ox

As busy as a bee

As easy as ABC

As quick as lightening

As soft as silk

ONOMOTOPEIA – words that mimic sounds

Achoo      ahem       baa

Bang        beep         bong

Chatter    cheep       clang

Ding        drip        eek

Fizz          flick        flutter

Giggle      growl       gurgle

Hiss         honk        itch

Jangle     knock       la

Meow      moo         mumble

Neigh       oink        ouch

Phew        ping        plop

IDIOMs –

specific expression

Goof up

In ruins

Tongue in cheek

See into

Be hell bent on

Sign out

Be worse for wear

Raining cats and dogs

A chip on your shoulder

A drop in the bucket

A piece of cake

A blessing in disguise

ALLITERATION – repetition of a sound through a sentence

The wild and woolly walrus waits and wonders when he’ll walk by.

An ape ate an avocado.

Happy hippos hurry happily.

Mary mumbled many metaphors.

Lovely lizards live lazily.

Cliche – a word or phrase that has become common

No pain, no gain

Abandon ship.

A rose by any other name couldn’t smell as sweet.

All hands on deck.

All that jazz.

An apple a day keeps the doctor away.

All’s well that ends well.

At the end of the day.

At wits end.

At the last minute.

Metaphor – comparing a likeness between two objects

Her hair was soft as silk.

He has the heart of a lion.

As strong as a brick house.

A heart of stone.

She is a pig when she eats.

Leaping with laughter

Personification – giving something human qualities

The stuffed bear smiled when the boy hugged him.

Fear knocked on the door.

The blanket snuggled into my skin.

My computer hates me.

The wind was yelling at the door.

TENSES

PAST	PRESENT	FUTURE
Ran Wrote Enjoyed Played Gone Took Typed Drew Shopped Listened Felt Changed	Running Writing Enjoying Playing Going Taking Typing Drawing Shopping Listening Feeling Changing	Run Write Enjoy Play Go Take Type Draw Shop Listen Feel Change

Common nouns –

the name of everyday objects, places or non specific people

Book        cave         actor

Crayon     children   chicken

Flavour    coast        daughter

Donkey     hen          hill

Jar          kite         beetle

Heat        wish         reward

Recess       lunch       desk

Chair       pen          box

Trick        sister       plastic

Room       road        valley

Proper nouns –

names of a specific person, group of people, place or object

Mr Barba

Susan

Perth

Australia

Western Australia

Miss Axton

Johnny Depp

Africa

Christian

Cadbury

ADJECTIVES –

describing words

Alive       ahead      available

Bad         black           beautiful

Cheerful   chubby      cold

Damp      dazzling   dizzy

Early        evil          excellent

Fast         fat          fabulous

Gentle      giant       good

Half         heavy       handsome

Itchy        idiotic     invincible

Jealous    jittery      jagged

Large       late         lovely

Mighty     muddled  majestic

CONJUNCTIONS –

joining words

After       although      as

As if    as long as    as much as

Because    before      as soon as

Even if     in case     by the time

If             in order   in case

Once        only if     even though

Since       so that     than

That         though      till

Unless      until       when

Whenever     and     or

Unless      where       while

Compound words

Aeroplane           something   

cardboard           today

Cannot               nothing       

inside                 aloud

Mountain           morning     

goodbye               workman

backdrop             catfish

championship      grasshopper

grapevine            graveyard

overcoat              proofread

rainfall              raincoat

shoreline             strawberry

suitcase               underarm

Contractions

Contraction

Extended

I’ve I’d Can’t Couldn’t Didn’t Doesn’t Don’t Hadn’t Hasn’t Haven’t He’d He’s He’ll I’ll I’m Isn’t Let’s Mightn’t Mustn’t Shan’t She’d She’ll She’s Shouldn’t That’s There’s They’d They’ll They’re They’ve We’d We’re We’ve Weren’t What’ll What’re What’s What’ve Where’s Who’s Who’ll Who’re Who’s Who’ve Won’t Wouldn’t You’d You’ll You’re You’ve

I have I would Can not Could not Did not Does not Do not Had not Has not Have not He had / would He is He will I will I am Is not Let us Might not Must not Shall not She had/would She will She is Should not That is There is They had/would They will They are They have We had/would We are We have Were not What will What are What is What have Where is Who is Who will Who are Who is Who have Will not Would not You had/would You will You are You have